THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF BUSINESS PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Abstract

The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the fact that in a market economy a business project is treated not only as a document that regulates the directions of an enterprise's activities, but also as a universal mechanism for planning, organizing and controlling business processes. Its significance goes beyond formal documentation and encompasses strategic management. Theoretical approaches to business project management in modern management are analyzed: classical, systemic, integrative, flexible, cognitive. Attention is focused on the fact that the effectiveness of business project implementation, their ability to adapt to dynamic market changes, digitalization and global competition directly depends on the choice of methodology and management principles. A comparative characteristic of project management methodologies is given, in particular Agile, Scrum, Lean and Kanban. It is noted that traditional approaches (Waterfall, PRINCE2) provide a high level of predictability and control over the implementation of tasks, therefore they are effective for large-scale and structured projects. Flexible methodologies, in particular Agile, Scrum, Lean and Kanban, help to quickly adapt to changing conditions, increase team productivity and contribute to process optimization. Hybrid approaches (Agile-Waterfall Hybrid, Water-Scrum-Fall) combine the advantages of classical and flexible methodologies, providing a balance between control and flexibility. The characteristics of the Agile and Waterfall methodologies were compared. It was concluded that the choice of project management methodology is based on the specifics of the project, scale, level of uncertainty and available resources. The methodological principles of modern business project management were analyzed. The following general scientific methods were used in the research process: theoretical generalization, analysis, comparison, abstraction. Further prospects of the research are determined by the need to improve the business project management system of organizations based on innovative IT technologies.