MANAGEMENT OF MATERIAL FLOWS AND RESERVES OF RESOURCES IN PROJECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF SHIPPING COMPANIES

Abstract

He article is devoted to the issue of supply and storage of material resources to ensure the processes of implementation, monitoring and control of development projects of shipping companies. The inflow of material resources with properties, in accordance with the specifics of such projects, forms material flows, the effective management of which is carried out on the basis of theoretical provisions of logistics. The management of flows and reserves of those categories of material resources subject to preservation and accumulation has been studied. On the basis of the logistics approach to inventory management, attention is paid to determining the time of receipt of the necessary resources in the project, because their availability and corresponding reserves depend on the factor of the time of receipt of resources. The expediency of creating stocks, their positive and negative sides are considered. In various management systems, the most desirable margin is used as a guide when calculating the volume of an order. The threshold stock is used to determine the time of issuance of the next order. The following types of stocks are distinguished: by place of use; depending on the intended purpose. Current (cyclic) stocks – is the part of the average stock to be replenished regularly. Insurance (reserve, buffer) stocks – part of average stocks, which serves as protection against uncertainty. The main task of stocks is to reduce dependence on the uncertain nature of supply. Thus, the effective organization of resource provision of development projects of shipping companies must take into account the types and properties of certain types of resources, establish, monitor and provide needs in a timely manner. On the basis of a logistic approach to inventory management, attention is paid to determining the main indicators of resource supply, including the time aspect of orders. Thanks to the supply of the necessary resources at the right time and in the right place, a significant reduction of all types of reserves is achieved, which is reflected in the total costs of the project. The shortcomings of orders with a fixed size and a fixed time interval between orders were analyzed, which made it possible to come to the conclusion that in order to fully take into account all the parameters that determine resource orders, it is advisable to use a flexible approach in which deterministic restrictions can be applied only for stable conditions of use and supply of resources, it is more expedient continuous tracking of the dynamics of demand for resources.