STUDY OF CLASSIFICATION AND LABELING OF GRAPE WINES IN EU COUNTRIES AS IMPORTANT TOOLS OF ASSORTMENT IDENTIFICATION DURING CONDUCTING A QUALITATIVE EXPERTISE
Abstract
The essence of the winemaking reform carried out in the EU with the aim of harmonizing national wine classification systems and protecting products of specific geographical origin is analyzed. The main classification features by which grape wine produced in EU member states is divided into categories: wine without geographical origin and wine with geographical origin (protected geographical indication (PGI), protected designation of origin (PDO) have been identified. The names of the categories and the corresponding abbreviations used on product labels for correct identification were studied. It was found that EU Member States, such as France and Italy, may also use their traditional labels relating to the wine's designation of origin or geographical indication. A comparison of the characteristics of the categories of Italian and French wines was carried out according to the national classification and the classification proposed by the European Union. The content of mandatory information that must be placed on a wine label and additional information that can be placed on a back label are considered and are found to be an important means of assortment identification during expert research. It was found that the mandatory information must have 9 mandatory information elements; all mandatory labeling elements must be placed in the same field of vision on the label so that they can be read simultaneously without the need to rotate the bottle (except for the batch number and allergens); the font size of the marking elements must be at least 1.2 mm. The specified features are intended to provide a more complete description of the species of grape wine, its properties and producers in order to prevent cases of product falsification. It was concluded that the specified features should be taken into account during the assortment identification of grape wines entering Ukraine.
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