CONCEPTUAL AND METHODOLOGICAL BASES OF DISCLOSURE OF THE INFORMATION ON GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS IN THE COMPANY'S SUSTAINABILITY STATEMENT
Abstract
Societies and businesses around the world are facing the effects of climate change today, including the serious challenge of high carbon emissions. Many studies examine the worsening impact of carbon emissions at the country or enterprise level. Various activities of enterprises cause significant greenhouse gas emissions. In this regard, there is a growing need for enterprises to develop accounting and analytical support for environmental decision-making. The aim of the article is to define modern concepts and methodologies that outline the requirements for disclosure of the information on greenhouse gas emissions in the company’s sustainability statement, as a basis for the development of accounting and analytical support for environmental decision-making in modern economic conditions. The current study conducts a systematic review of the information base for disclosure of information on greenhouse gas emissions in the non-financial reports. The study describes the world's most common methodologies for calculating greenhouse gas emissions (GHG Protocol, ISO standards), as well as analyses specific ESRS standards that regulate the disclosure of information on GHG emissions by an enterprise and ways to solve related problems. The article demonstrates the relationship between the content of the ESRS standards and the methodologies set out in the GHG Protocol and ISO Standards. The article substantiates the prerequisites for the introduction and dissemination of the practice of reporting by enterprises on greenhouse gas emissions. The study determines that the concepts of sustainable development, climate change, stakeholders, strategic management, value chain, double materiality are fundamental in the formation and disclosure of the information on greenhouse gas emissions and other related issues. In the company's sustainable statement, descriptive and analytical information on greenhouse gas emissions is presented in retrospective and prospective projections for four components, such as Governance; Strategy; Impact, Risk and Opportunity Management; Indicators and Goals.The obtained results will contribute to improving the efficiency of environmental solutions at enterprises in the current conditions of transformational transition to the economy of sustainable development.
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