THE ESSENCE OF THE COMPANY'S ACCOUNTING POLICY UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE HARMONIZATION OF THE ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING SYSTEM

Abstract

The article summarizes the approaches of scientists to the essence of the concept of "accounting policy" with the definition of its constituent elements. Selected tasks of accounting policy in the context of harmonization of accounting and reporting. It was determined that in accordance with the aspects of the system, the organization of the accounting technology, methodical and organizational and technical parts of the accounting policy of the enterprise are distinguished. It has been proven that accounting at the enterprise includes three stages, namely preparatory, practical, and control and assessment of the accounting organization process. The studied structure of the order on accounting policy, which includes the following levels: management: a system of forecast strategic indicators; system of financial indicators; system of non-financial indicators; budgeting; resource control; technical: document flow, primary accounting; methodological: tax accounting; Managerial Accounting; Accounting; inventory; rating; fixed assets; intangible assets; stocks; biological assets; receivables and payables; obligation; organizational: authority to sign documents; organization of accounting. There are two types of factors that influence the accounting policy of domestic enterprises (organizational and legal form, organizational structure, type and method of conducting activities, range of products (goods, works, services), marketing policy, personnel qualifications, level of information processing, internal control system, price policy, contractual policy, chosen taxation system) and external (globalization processes, the level of development of the political and economic environment in the country, inflationary processes, the mechanism of state regulation of the economy, the development of market infrastructure and the state of the consumer market). The decision to switch to IFRS must also be confirmed by the head of the enterprise in the accounting policy, because the enterprise actually changes it completely. The first financial statements after such a transition should be called "preliminary", the peculiarity of which is that at the beginning of the reporting period, the reporting is prepared according to NP(S)BO, and at the end of the reporting period – according to IFRS. At the same time, the order on the accounting policy should not contradict the requirements of international standards, and should not reflect in the order what is clearly prescribed in the standards and prescribe the procedure for document circulation and accounting at the enterprise.