THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF IMPROVING THE ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN EFFICIENCY OF A MODERN ENTERPRISE

Abstract

The scientific article is devoted to a comprehensive study of the theoretical foundations and practical aspects of improving the organizational design of modern enterprises. In the context of global economic transformations and increasing market turbulence, the relevance of the study is driven by the need to find new management models that can ensure the strategic stability and competitiveness of business entities. The research analyzes the fundamental principles of building optimal management structures, with a focus on the delicate balance between the centralization of strategic decision-making and the decentralization of operational activities. The author emphasizes that modern management optimization is not merely a structural change, but a search for a system where global development policy is determined at the top, while day-to-day management is delegated to local levels to increase flexibility. A significant part of the work is dedicated to identifying the critical factors necessitating the transformation of organizational structures. These include the decline in overall efficiency, loss of market positions, information chaos, technological lag, and high staff turnover. Particular attention is paid to the challenges posed by the martial law and high security risks, which require enterprises to implement more resilient and adaptive management models. The study pays special attention to the specifics of small businesses (sole proprietorships). The paper systematizes the correlation between types of organizational structures — such as linear, functional, divisional, and matrix — and the specific challenges of the external environment. The author proves that for small enterprises facing limited financial resources and low automation, rigid vertical links and linear-functional structures may act as compensatory mechanisms to minimize operational errors. Conversely, under conditions of crisis and high uncertainty, the transition to divisional or matrix models is justified, as it allows for the autonomization of business lines (e.g., construction and logistics), ensuring the overall survival of the economic entity.