VECTORS AND CHALLENGES OF LABOR MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN THE SPHERE OF EDUCATION
Abstract
The article is devoted to researching the state and trends of the labor market in the field of general secondary education in Ukraine in the context of full-scale war. It is argued that the labor market, as a sensitive indicator of socio-economic and political transformations, has undergone profound structural deformations caused by military actions, demographic decline, migration processes and the reform of the education system. The influence of key macro- and meso-factors on the supply and demand of teaching staff, the conditions of their professional activity, and the staffing stability of educational institutions is analyzed. The analysis of changes in the network of general secondary education institutions for 2019–2024 has been carried out, which shows the significant reduction in their number and the decrease in the number of pupils. The main reasons for the narrowing of the educational network are systematized, in particular demographic factors, the state's optimization policy, military risks, financial and economic constraints, and migration processes. Key personnel challenges in the education labor market have been identified, including the shortage of teachers in certain specialities, an ageing workforce, increasing staff turnover, professional burnout and increased demands for digital and social skills. The feasibility of applying a comprehensive approach to human resource management in education, combining the tools of personnel policy, internal marketing, inter-institutional interaction and international cooperation, has been substantiated. Directions for increasing the attractiveness of work in education and ensuring the stability of the labor market in conditions of military and post-war recovery have been proposed. Among proposed directions, the key role is assigned to the modernization of the teacher training system, improving the level of legal and social protection of teaching staff, applying the development of branding for educational institutions as employers, and the development of motivation systems to attract young professionals to work in secondary education institutions.
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