CONCEPTUAL POSITIONS OF TOURISM SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The article substantiates the conceptual foundations of sustainable tourism development in Ukraine in the context of systemic transformations, security challenges, and post-war recovery needs. It is demonstrated that the current development of the tourism sector is characterized by high uncertainty, spatial asymmetry, social vulnerability, and increasing environmental risks, which makes fragmentary management approaches insufficient. In this regard, the necessity of forming an integrated conceptual framework for sustainable tourism development is justified. The study proves that sustainable tourism in Ukraine should be considered within the paradigm of sustainable, inclusive, and resilient development, where tourism functions not only as an economic activity but also as an instrument of territorial recovery, social reintegration, and preservation of natural and cultural heritage. The methodological basis of the proposed concept is formed through the integration of systemic, ecosystem-based, stakeholder-oriented, institutional, territorial-destination, risk-oriented, and resilience-based approaches, which allows tourism to be interpreted as a complex socio-economic and environmental system. The article substantiates a system of principles of sustainable tourism development adapted to national conditions, including balance between economic, social, and environmental objectives; intergenerational responsibility; inclusiveness and barrier-free accessibility; territorial differentiation; partnership and multi-level governance; adaptability and flexibility to external shocks. It is shown that compliance with these principles is a prerequisite for ensuring long-term sustainability and resilience of tourist destinations. As a key scientific result, six conceptual provisions of sustainable tourism development in Ukraine are formulated. They reflect the integration of economic, social, environmental, and institutional components of tourism activity and form a methodological basis for the development of state and regional tourism policies, destination management models, and post-war reconstruction strategies.