FORMATION OF HUMAN RESOURCE POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES: STRATEGIC GUIDELINES, CHALLENGES AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE
Abstract
The article carries out a comprehensive study of the formation of the human resource potential of agricultural enterprises in Ukraine in the context of modern socio-economic challenges. It is determined that the human factor remains a key element of the efficiency of agricultural production, despite automation and technological progress. The essence of the concept of "human resource potential" is revealed as a system of existing and potential opportunities for employees capable of ensuring stable functioning and innovative development of the enterprise. The main problems of staffing agricultural enterprises are analyzed, among which the shortage of qualified personnel, low level of material motivation, high staff turnover, seasonality of employment and outflow of youth from rural areas dominate. It is proved that overcoming these problems requires a strategic approach to personnel management, which involves long-term planning of labor resources, formation of a personnel reserve, development of dual education, cooperation with educational institutions and creation of attractive working conditions. Particular attention is paid to the social responsibility of agricultural enterprises as a factor in forming a positive image of the employer, increasing employee motivation and strengthening ties with local communities. Socially responsible personnel policy contributes to reducing staff turnover, forming staff loyalty and developing rural areas. The article also analyzes the international experience of forming personnel policy in Germany, Poland and the USA. It is determined that successful models of these countries are based on a combination of state regulation, vocational education, flexible forms of employment, digitalization of management and high social standards. Adapting these practices to Ukrainian conditions can ensure sustainable development of the agricultural sector, increasing labor productivity and competitiveness of enterprises in domestic and international markets.
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