DEMOGRAPHIC SITUATION IN UKRAINE: PROSPECTS FOR OVERCOMING THE CRISIS AND MINIMIZING ITS IMPACT ON THE COUNTRY’S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Abstract
The demographic crisis in Ukraine has reached a critical stage, exacerbated by the full-scale war of 2022, mass emigration, a dramatic decline in birth rates, significant losses in labor resources, and accelerated population ageing. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the current demographic situation in Ukraine and outlines its multifaceted impact on the country’s economic development. It presents updated statistical data and trends, illustrating the transition from long-term natural population decline to an unprecedented outflow of citizens abroad and fertility rates that have now fallen to one of the lowest levels globally. Special attention is devoted to the demographic consequences of the ongoing war — human casualties, large-scale displacement, and structural shifts in the population and the ways in which these factors intensify risks to Ukraine’s post-war economic recovery and resilience. Furthermore, the article analyzes the international experiences of leading countries in combating demographic decline, promoting fertility, and fostering greater population engagement in social life. The methodological framework of this study is grounded in the analysis of academic literature, statistical data from government bodies and international organizations. Based on this comprehensive analysis, the article formulates practical recommendations for the development of an integrated demographic policy for Ukraine, aimed at overcoming the current crisis and mitigating its long-term negative effects on economic growth and sustainable development. Addressing Ukraine’s demographic challenges requires systemic, coordinated action across multiple policy domains, including economic, social, healthcare, and migration policies to ensure the restoration of human capital, the revitalization of the labor market, and the creation of favorable conditions for population renewal. In this context, a forward-looking demographic policy should be recognized as a key pillar of Ukraine’s long-term national strategy for economic resilience, security, and prosperity in the 21st century.
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