ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF ROAD SAFETY
Abstract
The purpose of the study is the economic assessment of road safety to determine possible losses from changes in the state of road safety in Ukraine. Economic assessment of road safety is a set of techniques and methods, analytical actions of road safety research in the context of the impact on changes in economic indicators of the object under study (state, type of economic activity, business entity). The main indicator of road safety is the number of traffic accidents, including the number of traffic accidents committed under unsatisfactory road conditions. The state of accidents on the roads of Ukraine in the medium term with the ranking of the main causes is analyzed. The main causes of accidents with fatalities and / or injuries are speeding, violation of maneuvering rules, violation of traffic rules at intersections and pedestrian crossings, non-compliance with the distance. In 2016-2019, the number of road accidents caused by unsatisfactory road conditions increased 2.5 times with an average annual increase of 202 accidents and the number of road accidents caused by unsatisfactory road conditions increased 1.9 times. There is a direct and close connection between the level of economic development of the regions and the number of traffic accidents with fatalities and/or injuries. The formula of calculation of social and economic losses from all road accidents which have occurred for the settlement year in a certain region is offered. The formula makes it possible to determine the social and economic losses from all road accidents that occurred during the estimated year in a particular region and amount to the loss of gross regional product per one economically active person who died in a road accident, taking into account the safety index. It was determined that the largest socio-economic losses from road accidents were in Kyiv, Lviv, Dnipropetrovsk, Odesa, Kharkiv regions, which is explained by high values of gross regional product per capita and a large number of road accidents with fatalities and/or injuries. Regional road safety programs are of particular importance for these regions. Regional road safety programs should aim to reduce the number of accidents and strengthen road safety controls.
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