OPTIMIZATION OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF THE STATE ORDER FOR TRAINING SPECIALISTS IN THE CONTEXT OF EFFECTIVE FINANCING OF HIGHER EDUCATION

Abstract

The article examines the issues of optimizing the distribution of the State order for training of specialists in higher education institutions of Ukraine with a focus on improving the efficiency of financing the educational system in the context of modern socio-economic transformations. The purpose of the study is to develop conceptual foundations and practical mechanisms for improving the process of allocating budget places aimed at ensuring economic feasibility, compliance of training with the needs of the labor market and minimizing structural imbalances in the financing of educational programs. The relevance of the topic is due to the demographic decline, which exacerbates the problem of small groups, economic constraints, martial law, regional disparities in access to education, and the need to adapt higher education to global challenges. The research methodology is based on a systematic analysis of statistical data on admission campaigns, econometric modeling to assess financial flows, scenario forecasting of demographic and market trends, and the development of an adaptive management model. The results of the study demonstrate the systemic inefficiency of the current mechanisms for allocating public procurement, which is manifested in the dispersion of budget places, administrative inertia and insufficient linkage to the needs of the economy, which leads to an increase in the share of small groups and a decrease in the quality of training. The author proposes a model of multi-level adaptive regulation that integrates the state, regional and institutional levels of government, provides a flexible response to external challenges through mechanisms of forecasting, mixed financing, academic integration, quality control and social support. The practical value of the article lies in providing recommendations for reforming the system of financing higher education, in particular through the creation of regional educational clusters, targeted support for strategically important specialties and the introduction of flexible financial instruments, which will help to increase budget efficiency, ensure social justice in access to education and the formation of competitive human capital capable of meeting the requirements of an innovative economy.