METHODS OF CAPITAL MARKET ANALYSIS IN THE PROCESS OF FORMING STRATEGIES OF SHIPPING COMPANIES
Abstract
The purpose of the article is to study modern methods of capital market analysis in the context of forming strategic decisions of shipping companies. The relevance of the topic lies in the need to forecast market trends and assess investment risks of shipping companies' activities on global capital markets. The following research methods were used in the article: analysis and synthesis, systematic approach, classification, comparative analysis (when systematizing the main methods of capital market analysis), structuring (when determining the structural elements of fundamental analysis), cause-and-effect dependence (when generalizing the factors influencing the formation of strategies of shipping companies on capital markets), graphical (when displaying the dynamics of indices and share prices), coefficient analysis (when calculating indicators for the financial assessment of a shipping company). In the process of the study, the main tasks of capital market analysis were determined and a comparative characteristic of approaches to its implementation was carried out: fundamental, technical, behavioral, quantitative, as well as analysis based on machine learning and artificial intelligence methods. As part of the fundamental analysis, a macroeconomic analysis was carried out, including a comparison of key US economic indicators with average global values. The industry analysis is presented by a study of the dynamics of the US WSJ Water Transport/Shipping Index (WSJIXUSMAR) and the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) for 2020-2024. At the micro level, special attention was paid to the financial assessment of the activities of the American shipping company Matson, Inc. in 2020-2024: the main indicators of profitability, liquidity, market valuation and operating efficiency were calculated, the dynamics of the market value of the company's shares were analyzed and their total return was calculated. The practical value of the study is that for the first time a fundamental analysis of the US capital market was performed as one of the leading financial centers in the world for the formation of strategies of shipping companies. The results obtained allow us to draw conclusions regarding the investment attractiveness of a shipping company and to substantiate the feasibility of using individual methods of capital market analysis in strategic planning in the shipping business.
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