RESEARCH OF THE IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL LABOR MIGRATION PROCESSES ON THE ECONOMY OF DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

Abstract

The article explores the influence of international labor migration on the economies of developed countries, highlighting key factors that drive migration, including unemployment and economic crises in less developed countries, demographic shifts, and established cultural and familial ties. Migration has become a crucial element of globalization, reshaping labor markets and affecting wages, productivity, and unemployment rates in host countries. Germany and the UK serve as prominent examples, where international labor migration helps mitigate workforce shortages, support economic growth, and strengthen social systems, although these countries also face integration challenges. Germany attracts migrants with economic stability, competitive wages, and a high quality of life. The influx of foreign workers has positive economic impacts, boosting GDP, filling labor gaps, and enhancing innovation. Likewise, the UK benefits from an expanded workforce that meets demand in critical sectors and drives economic productivity, but the need for effective integration policies remains crucial to managing social impacts. The article also examines recent trends in Ukrainian migration, driven by economic instability and the 2022 military conflict. Ukrainian migrants primarily settle in EU countries like Poland and Germany, drawn by proximity, migration agreements, and cultural similarities. The UK and Canada also see significant Ukrainian arrivals, supported by tailored programs like “Homes for Ukraine,” aimed at aiding their integration. However, this migration brings challenges for host countries in providing social services and resources for integration. Long-term impacts on Ukraine include demographic shifts and the loss of skilled professionals, which could hamper economic recovery. Migration remains essential for shaping the demographic, social, and economic landscapes of developed countries and Ukraine alike. The article suggests that Ukraine should develop strategies to support citizens abroad, encourage eventual return, and create reintegration pathways to strengthen its post-stabilization economy.