LABOR MARKET OF UKRAINE: CURRENT TRENDS

Abstract

In the context of globalization, the formation of the information society, the study of processes characteristic of the labor market of Ukraine is especially relevant. The labor market as an important element of a market economy involves taking into account the interests of employers and employees through the supply and demand of labor. The state of the labor market is determined by the influence of a number of factors on its situation. Therefore, the analysis of the labor market in Ukraine is an urgent problem and needs research. The purpose of the article is to analyze the modern labor market of Ukraine, the factors of negative impact on the efficiency of its operation. The methodological and informational basis of the study are the articles of scientists who cover the issues of statistical evaluation of the labor market, its elements, materials of periodicals, Internet resources on these issues. During the study, methods of systematic and logical analysis, the method of generalization of information, comparative analysis, structural and dynamic analysis were used, as well as the method of visualization of information using graphs and tables. The article summarizes the concept of "labor market". The current state of the labor market of Ukraine is studied. A structural and dynamic analysis of the impact of factors on market conditions. The dynamics of employment by spheres of activity, professional groups, its decline by 17%, the growth of the share of employed in services caused by deindustrialization processes are presented. Factors of rising unemployment and informal employment have been identified. The unemployment rate rose to 9.5%, with informal employment accounting for a third of the formal sector. Demand and supply in the labor market are estimated. The efficiency of wages in the dynamics, by type of economic activity, considered a significant increase in population due to declining incomes. The level of the minimum wage is not sufficient to perform the functions of reproduction of the labor force, stimulation of labor and improvement of living standards of workers. The study gives grounds to claim that in Ukraine an inefficient model of the labor market has been formed, namely: reduction of the employed population, increase of the registered unemployment rate according to the ILO methodology; reducing the workload of registered unemployed per vacancy, which is explained by the growth of external migration. For an objective view of the situation, when conducting a statistical analysis, it is necessary to take into account the full range of factors that affect the domestic labor market.