MECHANISM FORMING «SHOCKS» IN ECONOMY AND ITS CHARACTERISTIC SIGNS

Abstract

The article analyzes the mechanism of formation of economic «shocks», which play a critical role in the development of risk management strategies and ensuring financial security. Attention is focused on how the accumulation of imbalances and disparities in economic systems, together with numerous risks and threats, leads to the emergence of crisis situations or «shocks». Particular attention is paid to a detailed examination of the key stages of the formation of «shocks»: from the identification and accumulation of imbalances to the realization of these factors in the form of crisis phenomena. The analysis of the stages of the formation of «shocks» shows that the initial stage is the identification of imbalances and disproportions, which in the conditions of constant interaction with risks and threats lead to an increase in the probability of crisis situations. When the accumulation of these factors reaches a critical mass, an impulse can arise that activates «shock» mechanisms that provoke uncontrolled changes in the system. This process often ends with the transition of the economic system into a state of crisis, which requires an urgent response. The key features of «shocks» are identified, including their contradictory nature, variety of sources of occurrence, duration of impact, and complexity of an adequate response. «Shocks» can have both positive and negative effects on various elements of the economic system, and often do not repeat the algorithms of previous events, which makes them difficult to predict. The duration of the impact of «shocks» on macroeconomic spheres can be significant, with a dynamic character even if the «shocks» seem static. It is emphasized that due to the diversity of the nature of «shocks», there is no universal approach to their mitigation or prevention. This requires an integrated approach to the analysis and development of effective preventive management measures, which may include monitoring of imbalances and risks, development of rapid response strategies, as well as constant monitoring of the economic situation. The results of the study emphasize the need for in-depth analysis and the development of specific measures to maintain the stability and stability of economic systems, as well as to prevent possible crises.