PRODUCTION OF CHICKPEA AS ONE OF THE DIRECTIONS OF NICHE DIVERSIFICATION OF AGRIBUSINESS
Abstract
The article substantiates the need for diversification of Ukrainian agribusiness in the context of growing niche crops using the example of chickpeas. It is noted that world food balances illustrate a sufficient level of grain supply, and the domestic market is characterized by significant stocks of non-exported grain crops and sunflower processing products. In addition, the problems in the logistics chain, which arose as a result of the military invasion, make the risk of a significant increase in transitory stocks, which are not realized in time, highly probable. Therefore, problems with logistics and the low level of sales prices for traditional agricultural crops determine the urgency of diversifying the Ukrainian agricultural sector by introducing niche crops into its structure. Among the niche crops, it is worth highlighting chickpea, which is one of the most drought-resistant crops among the legumes group, the feasibility of its cultivation in modern conditions, in addition to the economic effect, is due to the stable climate trend towards aridization (a decrease in the degree of wetting of territories due to the predominance of evaporation over the amount of atmospheric precipitation). The purpose of the article is to research, analyze the actual situation and justify the prospects of growing chickpeas as a direction of niche diversification of agricultural business in Ukraine. An analysis of the level and dynamics of chickpea production in Ukraine was carried out during the last five years of the pre-war period (2017-2021) and in 2022. The results of the analysis showed that the main part of chickpeas is grown by agricultural enterprises, the area of sowing and the gross yield of the crop are characterized by a tendency to decrease. The dynamics of the crop harvest in the regions of Ukraine on average over a five-year period were analyzed. It is emphasized that the introduction of chickpeas in crop rotation, in addition to the economic one, also has a sustainable ecological effect, since chickpeas are a good precursor for many agricultural crops. The feasibility of developing chickpea processing in the direction of the production of healthy food products (hummus, hummus snacks, breads, aquafaba, etc.) is emphasized, which will ensure the creation of added value in the food industry.
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