CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE PROBLEM OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY OF UKRAINE

Abstract

The article deals with the problem of sustainable development of the national economy of Ukraine. The author analyzes some approaches to the interpretation of the basic concept as a scientific definition, defines a triune, integrative and structural model of sustainable development, which includes economic, social and environmental aspects. The fundamental, anthropocentric and biosphere-centered principles of sustainable development are identified, which conceptualize the principle of reasonable consumption and harmonious combination of man and nature. At the center of the anthropocentric paradigm is the human being as a subject of independent, free choice and responsible action, striving for self-development and perfection in the natural environment. The biosphere-centered principle means preserving the biosphere as the natural basis of life on the planet, ensuring conditions for its sustainability and evolutionary development. It implies protection of biodiversity, absence of eco-phobia, implementation of ecological principles of life, etc. Biosphere-centrism focuses society on the rational use of natural resources and achieving a harmonious relationship between humans and the environment. It is found that sustainable development is considered as a process aimed at ensuring a high quality of life through achieving a balanced socio-economic and environmental development, which is carried out on the basis of rational use of all resource potential. The author proposes ways and mechanisms for solving problems and achieving sustainable development goals at the national level, which involves comprehensive and strategic changes. In particular, changes to the processes of planning, modernization and monitoring of national economic development indicators, ensuring public funding for the SDGs, and improving the system of implementation of regulatory and evaluation mechanisms. The author emphasizes the role of the State policy in order to ensure coordinated activities of public authorities and local self-government towards achieving the SDGs of the national economy.