FEATURES OF THE FINANCING OF THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM: DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

Abstract

Improving health is of the utmost importance for human well-being and is a necessary condition for the sustainable economic and social development of the country as a whole. Financing health care worldwide is an important component of efforts to ensure social security in health care. The first step to expanding the scale of providing medical services is to provide financial medical resources to the organizations that provide them. Therefore, the countries are developing and applying a health care financing strategy, which begins with the formulation of the principles of general coverage of the population with medical care, which are the basis of the financing system in each specific country. This research aims to analyze health care financing systems abroad and in Ukraine, what way reforms are taking place in the country's health care system, the main achievements and problems faced by health care during the military aggression of the Russian Federation. The foreign experience of financing health care systems shows that none of the existing models (budgetary, insurance, private) has universality, financing models do not exist in their pure form, and in any of the models there is only one dominant source of financing. The paper proves that the domestic health care system has one-way financing. Thus, in 2017, the reform of the health care system began. The transition of the healthcare system of Ukraine to the model of national solidarity medical insurance of citizens took place. The main achievements of the reform system are as follows: a powerful provider has been created – the National Health Service of Ukraine (NHSHU), e-Health (electronic health care system) has been created; powerful medical institutions throughout the country turned into communal non-commercial enterprises (NPOs); primary medical care was reformed; the economic approach "money follows the patient" has been implemented. Based on the conducted research, it was established that there is no universal model of financing the health care system in the world. Health care, as a strategic industry, must be resistant to possible adverse events (such as outbreaks of infectious diseases, natural and man-made disasters, as well as wars). All this requires an immediate response with an increase in the functional capacity of the medical system – in a short or very short time. All this requires an appropriate financing system.