SOCIAL CAPITAL AS A DETERMINANT OF COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT AND SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERN CHALLENGES
Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the accumulation of social capital and the activities of public organizations in the regions of Ukraine and Poland as its institutional component. The essence of the conceptual outline of social capital and the peculiarities of its formation in the conditions of modern challenges are studied. The resource and institutional components of social capital are defined. The resource component includes human capital, since the central element of social capital is a person. People's knowledge and skills are the basis for the accumulation of social capital. The institutional component includes the system of public institutions, namely: state and legal institutions, institutions of civil society (public organizations, professional associations, etc.), economic, socio-cultural (science, education, art), as well as the system of social norms. The dynamics of the development of public organizations in the regions of Ukraine and the Republic of Poland are analyzed. In 2020, a significant regional divergence between the minimum and maximum number of public organizations are observed in both Ukraine and Poland. This is a negative phenomenon, as it does not create equal opportunities for the formation and development of social capital. It was established that, despite the greater progress in the development of civil organizations in the regions of Ukraine compared to the regions of Poland, the problem of state support for the activities of these organizations still remains in Ukraine. It is proved that state-legal institutions and institutions of civil society represent two opposites of the development of the institutional environment of social capital, between which it is important to establish an optimal balance. The Polish experience of cooperation between local self-government bodies and non-governmental organizations is considered. The key problems of the activity and development of public organizations in Ukraine in the conditions of modern challenges, namely the full-scale war in Ukraine, are identified. The vectors to overcome them are determined.
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