PARTICULARITIES OF FOOD SUPPLY IN RURAL AREAS
Abstract
The article investigates the system of views on food security and reveals the differences in its interpretation in the process of category evolution depending on the global problems and international cooperation aimed on their solving. The strengths and weaknesses of Ukraine's food security in the world ranking of global food security were analyzed. The main threats to food security in Ukraine are identified, such as: corruption, food standards, government spending on agricultural research in agriculture, GDP per capita, and political instability. The main targets of sustainable development strategy concerning food supply of the population are considered. Indicators of food security are distinguished, in particular: daily energy value and composition of the human ration; sufficiency of state grain reserves; economic affordability of products; differentiation of the food cost by social groups; capacity of the domestic market of certain products and food independence. The grouping by the body mass index for identification of the most food vulnerable regions of Ukraine was carried out. The authors researched the main characteristics of food supply in rural areas and performed their analysis. In particular, the deviation of the energy value of food consumed by the rural population from the average rates in Ukraine was established. The consumption level of basic nutrition products was estimated and an indicator of sufficiency was calculated; the structure of monetary household expenditures and the share of expenditure on products were illustrated; the self-sufficiency level of the rural population in basic food groups was analyzed. The article pays much attention to the process of malnutrition prevalence among the population of rural areas of Ukraine and modeling of different scenarios for the future according to the UN FAO methodology. It is established that the actual prevalence of malnutrition in Ukraine is 4.0%, and the number of food insecure people is 1.8 million. Under all modeling scenarios, these processes will continue to grow. The directions of overcoming food insecurity of the rural population are proposed.
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