THE ESSENCE AND FEATURES OF FORMATION OF BUSINESS ECOSYSTEMS IN THE NEW ECONOMY
Abstract
The purpose of the article is a broad consideration and generalization of theoretical and methodological approaches to defining the concept of "business ecosystem" in modern business conditions. The new economy and today's dynamic change generate a number of challenges for businesses to thrive in a context where a linear approach to value creation is not effective enough. Not the last role in this process is played by new methods of information exchange between the companies in the market and tools of work with the final buyer of the goods / services. In all market segments, new trends in communication and relationships caused by new technologies are observed every day. In such conditions, the business is looking for new approaches to building their own company and generating new values / services / products, as well as to the relationship between other market participants. Using a number of scientific research methods, including comparison, analysis, synthesis, generalization. Among the factors that actualize the use of the ecosystem concept in business are the following: the growing role and diversity of small and medium enterprises, innovative business activity, modern technologies, including the Internet and digital technologies, the spread of knowledge economy models, and others. Taking these factors into account and considering the possibility of drawing parallels between the biological ecosystem and the business ecosystem, provides additional opportunities to understand: the functioning of such technology giants as Google, Amazon, Alibaba, Uber, which build networks of partners, related businesses and customers. interact with each other at different levels and complement the value proposition; features of modern business systems as a set of different participants (state, business, universities, non-governmental organizations, etc.); how cross-sectoral and cross-geographical networks of subjects are formed on the basis of one technology (platform). A look at modern systems and business networks through the prism of "eco" provides a valuable resource for understanding current and future trends in the development of relationships between actors, types of these relationships, responding to challenges in conditions of uncertainty and diversity, building sustainable business models and economic strategies of each individual firm. The article analyzes a number of theoretical approaches to understanding the essence of modern business networks in terms of the original concept of biological and ecological ecosystems. The authors' approaches to the definition of business ecosystems are generalized, their integral and variable characteristics are highlighted. The concept of "business ecosystem" is defined.
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