FEATURES OF MEDIUM AND SMALL BUSINESS ACTIVITY IN THE CONTEXT OF A PANDEMIC COVID-19
Abstract
The article is devoted to the issue of the current state of micro, small and medium-sized businesses in Ukraine, taking into account the consequences for it of the anti-epidemiological measures introduced in recent years. The interest in this problem is due to the fact that it is small and medium-sized enterprises that represent the fundamental force for the constant economic growth of the state. These entities inherently have numerous advantages over large enterprises. Bearing on themselves a significant tax burden and forming a significant share of GDP, they increase their own importance in improving, first of all, the material and social components of the quality of life of the population. The article analyzes the dynamics of the number of operating small and medium-sized enterprises over the past 10 years. Changes in the number of employees in business units of the studied organizational and legal forms for the same period of time are considered. Since 2019, the whole world has been in constant socio-political tension, which has resulted in an economic crisis of enormous proportions, now referred to as the “coronacrisis”. Due to the rapid spread of the acute respiratory disease Covid-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, the authorities were forced to make instant decisions. They are displayed in the introduction of the lockdown and the whole set of quarantine restrictions. As a result of their implementation, almost every branch of industry and agriculture has undergone tangible changes, which are more characterized as "decline". At the same time, the areas for which quarantine, on the contrary, became the impetus for the transition to a better level of running their own business, were identified. After analyzing the factors hindering the development of small and medium-sized businesses in Ukraine, the authors identified the main problems of the activities of business structures in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. In addition, attention was paid to the search for tools to improve the situation of small and medium-sized businesses in Ukraine. In particular, it was established that there is a system of support from the state for economic units affected by quarantine. The essence of business digitalization is stated as one of the most effective ways out of the current situation.
References
Business OMBUDSMAN council. Великі проблеми малого бізнесу: системний звіт. Березень 2020 р. С. 64. URL: https://boi.org.ua/media/uploads/system_bigproblemssmalbusiness/3_2020_system_ua.pdf.
Фролова Н. Л. Сучасний стан і перспективи розвитку малого та середнього бізнесу в Україні в умовах коронакризи. Інвестиції: практика та досвід. 2021. № 19. С. 16–21. URL: http://www.investplan.com.ua/pdf/19_2021/5.pdf.
Красота О. В., Кір’єв І. С. Особливості розвитку малого підприємництва в умовах порушення макроекономічної стабільності. Ефективна економіка. 2021. № 2. URL: http://www.economy.nayka.com.ua/pdf/2_2021/100.pdf.
Національна Асоціація Адвокатів України. Малий бізнес в умовах пандемії COVID-19: правове регулювання фінансової підтримки державою. 19 серпня 2020. URL: https://unba.org.ua/publications/print/5792-malij-biznes-v-umovah-pandemii-covid-19-pravove-regulyuvannya-finansovoi-pidtrimki-derzhavoyu.html.
Державна служба статистики України. Кількість діючих суб’єктів великого, середнього, малого та мікропідприємництва за видами економічної діяльності у 2010-2020 роках. URL: http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/operativ/menu/menu_u/sze_20.htm.
Бураковський І., Юхименко С., Коссе І., Кравчук В. Державна підтримка aктивності в період пандемії КОВІД-19: регіональний вимір: аналітична доповідь. ГО "Інститут економічних досліджень та політичних консультацій". 2021. С. 74 URL: http://www.ier.com.ua/files/publications/Special_research/2021/covid19_report_final1.pdf.
Шевченко-Перепьолкіна Р.І. Шляхи розвитку малого бізнесу в умовах COVID-19. Інфраструктура ринку. 2020. Вип. 49. С. 147–151. URL: http://www.market-infr.od.ua/journals/2020/49_2020_ukr/28.pdf.
ЮНІСЕФ Україна. Консенсус-прогноз «Україна: вплив COVID-19 на економіку і суспільство». Серпень 2020. №52. URL: https://www.unicef.org/ukraine/documents/consensus-report.
Міністерство охорони здоров’я України: веб-сайт. URL: https://covid19.gov.ua/prohramy-pidtrymky-biznesu.
Двуліт З.П., Завербний А.С., Романюк А.О. Диджиталізація – дієвий інструмент антикризового розвитку бізнесу в умовах пандемії. Ефективна економіка. 2021. № 1. URL: http://www.economy.nayka.com.ua/pdf/1_2021/7.pdf.
Лавров Р.В., Кравченко А.О., Козловський С.В., Мазур Г.Ф. Тенденції та перспективи розвитку економіки України в умовах коронакризи. Економіка та держава. 2021. № 10. С. 12–19. URL: http://www.economy.in.ua/pdf/10_2021/4.pdf.
Business OMBUDSMAN council (March 2020). Big problems of small businesses: a system report. no. 64. Retrieved from: https://boi.org.ua/media/uploads/system_bigproblemssmalbusiness/3_2020_system_ua.pdf (in Ukrainian)
Frolova N. (2021). Current state and prospects of development of small and medium-sized businesses in Ukraine in the context of the coronavirus crisis. Investytsiyi: praktyka ta dosvid, 19, 16–21. Retrieved from: http://www.investplan.com.ua/pdf/19_2021/5.pdf (in Ukrainian)
Krasota O., Kiriev I. (2021). Features of small entrepreneurship development under macroeconomic stability violations. Efektyvna ekonomika. no. 2. Retrieved from: http://www.economy.nayka.com.ua/pdf/2_2021/100.pdf (in Ukrainian)
Ukrainian National Bar Association (August 19, 2020). Small businesses in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: legal regulation of financial support by the state. Retrieved from: https://unba.org.ua/publications/print/5792-malij-biznes-v-umovah-pandemii-covid-19-pravove-regulyuvannya-finansovoi-pidtrimki-derzhavoyu.html (in Ukrainian)
State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Number of active entities of large, medium, small and micro-entrepreneurship by type of economic activity in 2010-2020. Retrieved from: http://www.ukrstat.gov.ua/operativ/menu/menu_u/sze_20.htm (in Ukrainian)
Burakovskyi, I. Yukhymenko, S. Kosse, I. and Kravchuk, V. (2021). State support for activity during the COVID-19 pandemic: a regional dimension, NGO "Institute for Economic Research and Policy Consulting". no. 74. Retrieved from: http://www.ier.com.ua/files/publications/Special_research/2021/covid19_report_final1.pdf (in Ukrainian)
Shevchenko-Perepolkina R. (2020). Ways of small business development in Covid-19. Market Infrastructure, 49, 147–151. Retrieved from: http://www.market-infr.od.ua/journals/2020/49_2020_ukr/28.pdf (in Ukrainian)
UNICEF Ukraine (august 2020). Consensus forecast «Ukraine: the impact of COVID-19 on the economy and society». no. 52. Retrieved from: https://www.unicef.org/ukraine/documents/consensus-report (in Ukrainian)
Ministry of Health of Ukraine: Official web-site. Retrieved from: https://covid19.gov.ua/prohramy-pidtrymky-biznesu (in Ukrainian)
Dvulit Z., Zaverbnyi A., Romaniuk A. (2021). Digitalization – an effective tool for anti-crisis business development in a pandemic. Efektyvna ekonomika, 1. Retrieved from: http://www.economy.nayka.com.ua/pdf/1_2021/7.pdf (in Ukrainian)
Lavrov R., Kravchenko A., Kozlovskyi S., Mazur H. (2021). Trends and prospects for the development of ukraine's economy in the coronavirus crisis. Ekonomika ta derzhava, 10, 12–19. Retrieved from: http://www.economy.in.ua/pdf/10_2021/4.pdf (in Ukrainian)
