FORMATION OF A MANAGEMENT MODEL FOR ENERGY-EFFICIENT ENTERPRISES CONSIDERING INNOVATIVE APPROACHES

Abstract

The article is devoted to the development of a structural and functional model for managing energy-efficient enterprises based on innovative approaches, taking into account current trends in digital transformation and sustainable development requirements. The relevance of the study is driven by the strategic objectives of Ukraine's industrial policy under European integration and the challenges of post-war recovery. The author emphasizes that the energy component in the cost structure of industrial enterprises reaches 20–60%, which determines the critical importance of energy management for business competitiveness. The study identifies a significant gap between the outdated methods of energy resource management currently used by most domestic enterprises and the potential offered by Industry 4.0 technologies. The methodological basis of the study includes a systematic analysis of innovative tools such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and "Digital Twin" technology. The proposed management model is built on three conceptual levels: strategic, operational, and infrastructural. The strategic level involves the formation of an energy strategy aligned with ESG principles and Green Investment standards. The operational level focuses on real-time data collection via IoT sensors and the use of predictive analytics based on machine learning to optimize energy flows. The infrastructural level ensures the integration of cloud platforms, cybersecurity solutions, and renewable energy sources (RES) with energy storage systems. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the comprehensive integration of Industry 4.0 tools with the ISO 50001 standard and ESG reporting requirements within a single management framework adapted to the Ukrainian socio-economic context. A comparative analysis of different management approaches conducted in the study proves that the transition from traditional (reactive) methods to digital-innovative models increases the potential for energy savings from 5–10% to 25–40%. The practical significance of the results is reflected in the developed roadmap for implementing the model, which includes diagnosing digital maturity, phased implementation of IT solutions, and personnel training. The author justifies that the financing of such transformations can be effectively carried out through green bonds and international grant programs like the Ukraine Facility. The research concludes that the proposed model not only ensures a reduction in energy consumption but also contributes to the decarbonization of industry, bringing Ukrainian enterprises closer to EU energy efficiency standards. Prospects for further research include the approbation of the model in specific industrial sectors and the development of tools to assess the digital maturity of energy management systems.