CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SYSTEM FOR MONITORING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES

Abstract

The article provides a theoretical substantiation and develops a comprehensive scientific and methodological concept for a system of monitoring the economic security of an enterprise, adapted to contemporary operating conditions characterised by high turbulence, unpredictability, and increasing environmental uncertainty. It is demonstrated that traditional approaches based on retrospective control are losing their effectiveness, thereby necessitating a transition to dynamic, adaptive systems. Within the scope of the study, an in-depth analysis and refinement of the conceptual and categorical framework of economic security has been carried out through a clear terminological differentiation of core categories such as “risk”, “threat”, “danger”, “challenge”, and “loss”. This enables the elimination of methodological errors associated with their conflation and significantly enhances the accuracy of identifying destructive factors. Three strategic approaches to monitoring have been distinguished and integrated into a unified framework: organisational-economic, functional-resource, and threat-oriented. A methodology for the quantitative assessment of the level of security is substantiated through the use of an integral index based on calculating deviations of actual indicators from their target benchmark values, allowing for the prompt identification of critical vulnerability points within the system. The key scientific contribution of the study is the development of a formalised cyclical seven-stage monitoring algorithm, the structure of which encompasses all stages of security management: from the formation of an indicator base and information sources to the development of forecasting models, identification of countermeasures, and the direct technical implementation of software solutions. Particular attention is paid to the mechanism of “early proactive control”, which ensures continuous environmental scanning and the transformation of fragmented data into a foundation for strategic managerial decision-making. It is determined that the implementation of the proposed concept contributes to the long-term stabilisation and strengthening of the resilience of business entities to emerging challenges. Prospects for further research are outlined, focusing on the automation of analytical processes as well as the deeper adaptation of tools to the specific characteristics of enterprises across different sectors of the economy.