CONCEPTUAL PRINCIPLES OF INVESTING IN DECENTRALIZED BIOFUEL PRODUCTION DURING MARTIAL ARTS
Abstract
In the current conditions of full-scale war and systematic destruction of critical infrastructure facilities, the traditional energy model of Ukraine has demonstrated high vulnerability to external threats. This necessitates the strategic need to transition from large centralized plants to a distributed network of small and medium-sized facilities. The purpose of the article is to theoretically substantiate and develop a holistic concept of decentralized investment in biofuel production as a foundation for ensuring the energy independence of the agricultural sector and the life of communities in times of crisis. An abstract-logical method was used to form the conceptual foundations of decentralization and a tabular systematization method was used to compare the parameters of investment attractiveness of different types of generation. The work takes into account the scientific achievements of leading domestic scientists on the potential of biomass, financing models and greening of agriculture. It was found that the investment attractiveness of small-scale generation reached its maximum due to the growth of market prices for energy carriers, which allowed to reduce the payback period of projects to 3–5 years. The authors substantiated the transition to the “Prosumer” model, where the produced biofuel (biomethane, biodiesel, pellets) is used for the own needs of enterprises and communities, eliminating the logistical risks of wartime. The key result is the proposal to use mobile technological solutions of the “Plug-and-Play” format (container plants), which ensure the survivability of the system and capital protection through the possibility of operational relocation of assets. The conceptual principles and systematized data on investment barriers and incentives formed in the article can be used by agribusiness entities to build energy-independent production cycles. Practical recommendations on the use of international investment guarantees and preferential lending can reduce financial risks for potential investors. The proposed model of a distributed network of biofuel facilities is an effective tool for increasing national security and accelerating the post-war recovery of Ukraine's energy sector.
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