CURRENT STATE AND PROBLEMS OF ENSURING THE SECURITY OF ENTERPRISE LENDING IN UKRAINE
Abstract
The article is devoted to the topical issues of ensuring the security of lending to enterprises in Ukraine. The indicators of the dynamics of changes in the credit portfolio of the banking system of Ukraine and its ratio to GDP are analyzed. The analysis of the credit portfolio and non-performing loans in the banking system of Ukraine is carried out. The problems and prospects of ensuring the security of lending to enterprises in Ukraine are systematized. The directions of improving measures to ensure the security of lending to enterprises in Ukraine are substantiated. It is revealed that the high level of credit risks and non-repayment of loans, aggravated by the war, is one of the problems of lending to enterprises in Ukraine. It is noted that the implementation of state programs to guarantee the return of loans for small and medium-sized businesses is an important measure for improving the process of lending to domestic enterprises. The research results demonstrate that the war has intensified credit risks, undermined the solvency of enterprises, and increased macroeconomic instability. Despite some positive dynamics in reducing the share of non-performing loans in the pre-crisis period, since 2022 there has been a reverse trend due to the destruction of production capacities, disruption of logistics, and the narrowing of sales markets. To overcome these challenges, the article substantiates the necessity of implementing modern credit scoring tools, digital monitoring platforms, and mechanisms for insuring credit risks. The development of state programs to guarantee loan repayment for small and medium-sized businesses and the wider use of public-private partnership practices are defined as important priorities. Thus, ensuring the security of enterprise lending in Ukraine requires a comprehensive approach that combines the improvement of banking procedures, the integration of European standards of credit risk management, and the expansion of state support. Strengthening institutional capacity, introducing innovative digital solutions, and enhancing transparency will contribute to restoring the stability of the banking system, increasing investment attractiveness, and supporting the recovery of business activity in the post-war period.
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