COMPONENTS AND PRINCIPLES OF BUILDING INNOVATIVE FINANCIAL MODELS FOR SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESSES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE POST-WAR ECONOMY

Abstract

The purpose of the work was to identify the key components and principles of building innovative financial models for small and medium-sized businesses in the post-war economy of Ukraine. The study used systemic and structural-functional approaches, economic and statistical analysis of the dynamics of macroeconomic indicators, a comparative study of the practices of international financial institutions and existing state programs to support entrepreneurship. A diagnosis of the current state of small and medium-sized businesses was carried out, which showed the deep losses of the sector from the war. Existing innovative financial models that are actively used in Ukraine were identified: the “5-7-9%” program of preferential lending, the “eWork” grant project complex, loan guarantee mechanisms and war risk insurance, partnership programs with international financial organizations, as well as crowdfunding, venture capital investments, fintech platforms. The main principles of building innovative financial models have been established: risk sharing, partnership between the state, donors and the private sector, financial inclusion, digitalization and innovation, adaptability to industry and regional characteristics, transparency and trust. The conclusions confirm that small and medium-sized businesses in Ukraine in the post-war economy are capable of becoming the "engine" of the country's revival and modernization, but for this they must receive appropriate financial instruments. Innovative financial models that are currently being implemented demonstrate encouraging results, providing SMEs with resources for survival and growth even in times of turmoil. Adherence to the principles of reasonable risk sharing, partnership, inclusion, technology, flexibility and transparency is a guarantee that these models will continue to work successfully. With the support of the Ukrainian authorities and the international community, the SME sector can become the basis of Ukraine's economic leap - integrated into the European space, innovative, competitive at the global level.