ECOTOURISM ROUTES AS A DEVELOPMENT TOOL FOR RURAL COMMUNITIES

Abstract

This article explores the potential of ecotourism routes as a tool for the integrated and sustainable development of rural communities in Ukraine. As a form of responsible travel that prioritizes environmental protection, respect for local cultures, and socio-economic benefits for host populations, ecotourism offers viable opportunities for revitalizing economically marginalized rural areas. The study highlights that ecotourism routes, when designed and managed properly, not only attract environmentally conscious travelers but also foster entrepreneurship, stimulate the development of local infrastructure, and contribute to the diversification of rural economies. The article provides a conceptual analysis of ecotourism and ecotourism routes, with attention to their structural and operational characteristics. It reviews successful examples of ecotourism route development in Ukraine—particularly in the Carpathian region, Polissia, and Podillia—as well as international case studies from countries such as Slovenia and Lithuania. The research identifies common challenges faced by communities, including insufficient funding, lack of trained personnel, weak institutional support, inadequate transportation accessibility, and underdeveloped visitor services and marketing channels. In response to these challenges, the authors propose a set of actionable and context-sensitive recommendations, including community resource mapping, the development of integrated route concepts, the establishment of multi-stakeholder partnerships with non-governmental organizations, local governments, academic institutions, and private stakeholders, as well as programs for training local guides, artisans, and hospitality providers. Additionally, strategies for targeted online and offline marketing, environmental education, and visitor feedback mechanisms are outlined. Particular emphasis is placed on the need for participatory planning, inclusive governance, and public-private cooperation to ensure the long-term sustainability and resilience of rural tourism initiatives. The article argues that ecotourism routes can serve as platforms for community empowerment, environmental awareness, and the preservation of intangible cultural heritage. This study is highly relevant for policymakers, local authorities, tourism professionals, researchers, and civil society actors seeking to enhance the socio-economic viability, identity, and ecological stewardship of rural territories in Ukraine and beyond.