STATE REGULATION OF MIGRATION PROCESSES IN UKRAINE: CONCEPTUAL AND APPLIED CHARACTERISTICS
Abstract
The article is devoted to the aspects of formation and implementation of the state policy of regulation of migration processes in Ukraine. The relevance of state policy in this area is highlighted. It is shown that high and growing volumes of migration processes in Ukraine threaten the sustainable development of the national economy. They lead to the leaching of intellectual and human resources for the functioning of the economy and regions of Ukraine. A comprehensive analysis of migration processes in Ukraine was conducted, in particular, the volumes and structural characteristics of migration processes in Ukraine against the background of the Carpathian region were assessed. The labour market as a factor of the conditions of flows’ migration is studied. A system of factors that stimulate or restrain migration processes in the country is formulated. The analysis found that factors such as the unemployment rate, the level of employment in the informal sector of the economy, the rate of employment, the average monthly wage and the rate of forced underemployment have the greatest impact on general migration trends. The influence of labour market parameters on the migration activity of the population of Ukraine based on multifactor regression is modelled. The regional migration policy is characterized. The level of migration activity of the population from Ukraine toward Poland, as well as the social and economic consequences of increasing labour migration are predicted. The main provisions of the concept of the regional program of regulation of migration processes are offered. Effective measures for employment sphere are identified such as a key factor in stabilizing migration processes. It is substantiated that in Ukraine there should be significant changes in the system of state regional management of migration processes, which directly consider the peculiarities of migration sentiments. The importance of introduction in Lviv region of the system of programming, monitoring, control of migration tendencies, to improve institutional and organizational relations between subjects of migration regulation, to intensify activity on preparation and realization of joint interstate educational, research and business projects, to improve stimulation of economic youth activities and appropriate institutional infrastructure. The implementation of these tools will increase the effectiveness of regional human resources conservation policy, especially in rural areas of the Carpathian region of Ukraine.
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