MANAGEMENT MODELS FOR REMOTE IT TEAMS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Abstract

This article explores modern approaches to managing remote teams in the information technology sector in light of increasing organizational virtualization and digitalization. As distributed work becomes a persistent norm, there is a growing need to reevaluate conventional project management models and integrate adaptive, agile, and hybrid strategies suitable for asynchronous, cross-functional, and geographically dispersed teams. The study applies a systematic narrative literature review and comparative content analysis to examine scholarly and analytical sources addressing the effectiveness of remote and hybrid management frameworks. Five core categories of models are identified: agile-oriented, hybrid, best practice-based, maturity-driven, and context-sensitive approaches. Each model is characterized by its level of formalization, flexibility, use of digital communication tools, and applicability to specific team configurations and project types. A conceptual model is proposed, presenting the interrelation between a team's operational context, selected management model, and expected performance outcomes. These outcomes include team productivity, communication efficiency, decision-making agility, and successful achievement of project objectives. Moderating variables such as organizational culture, digital maturity, trust level, and leadership support are also considered as factors influencing effectiveness. The conceptual model serves both as an analytical tool for assessing remote team management options and as a framework for further empirical validation and diagnostic tool design. This research offers practical implications for IT project managers, HR professionals, and organizational leaders seeking to enhance collaboration and coordination in virtual environments. Furthermore, it provides a theoretical foundation for the development of diagnostic instruments, remote team maturity assessments, and decision support tools designed to improve distributed project execution in complex and dynamic organizational ecosystems. The study contributes to bridging the gap between theory and practice in digital-era project management by delivering structured guidance for adapting strategies to context-specific conditions.