MODELS OF AGRARIAN STRUCTURE AND AGRICULTURAL POLICY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF UKRAINIAN AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE AND THE POSSIBILITIES OF ITS USE

Abstract

Despite its strong potential and key role in ensuring global food security, Ukraine's modern agricultural sector is significantly affected by globalization challenges, military aggression, and institutional instability. At the same time, the process of European integration actualizes the need to transform the agrarian structure of the state and introduce new approaches to agricultural policy focused on sustainable rural development and support for farming. The study is devoted to a comparative analysis of the agrarian system of Ukraine and individual countries and superpowers and to the substantiation of possible ways of its transformation in the context of European integration and global challenges. The functional features of agrarian systems and agricultural policy in the EU, the USA and Australia are revealed. It is defined, that Ukraine's current agrarian system, which is focused on agroholdings, should be radically changed to incorporate the best policies of the world's leading countries. Implementation of elements of the farm system based on the American, European and Australian models into the Ukrainian agrarian system can significantly improve the efficiency and sustainability of the Ukrainian agricultural sector. the interests of Ukrainian farmers should be at the heart of the Ukrainian agrarian system, as agriculture plays an important role in the life of the country and its population. This includes ensuring access to land, financial support, access to modern technologies and training. It has been established that the application of a model approach to the formation of the agrarian system solves the existing problems of the state agrarian policy and the policy of sustainable rural development and can be considered, among other things, for the formation of a pro-European policy of military and post-war structure of Ukraine. The novelty of the study is to identify a model approach as a conceptual framework for building a pro-European, peasant-centered agricultural system that combines the best international practices with national specifics. The practical value of the study lies in the formation of scientifically sound approaches to reforming state agricultural policy in the context of European integration and sustainable development of rural areas.