COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF REGULATORY SUPPORT FOR THE WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Abstract

The paper reviews the legal framework for waste management in Ukraine, including laws, regulations, standards and policies. These laws regulate the disposal, processing, transport and storage of waste. The document highlights the Waste Management Strategy 2030, which aims to develop infrastructure and reduce landfill volumes. It also draws parallels between Ukrainian legislation and European Union standards, focusing on directives on the waste hierarchy, packaging, electronic equipment and landfill rules. The comparative analysis reveals similarities and differences in the waste management systems in Ukraine and the EU. Ukrainian legislation is in line with EU directives in terms of objectives, but lags behind in implementation, especially in areas such as hazardous waste monitoring, circular economy principles, and producer responsibility. The Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) system is highlighted as a key approach to promote sustainable waste management by involving producers in recycling and disposal processes. The study outlines the challenges faced by Ukraine, including poor infrastructure, weak enforcement mechanisms and limited funding. It highlights the potential to learn from international best practice in countries such as Sweden, Japan, the US and Singapore, which have successfully implemented waste-to-energy technology, thorough sorting systems and effective producer responsibility policies. The WtE approach is presented as a strategic solution for Ukraine to reduce its dependence on landfills, generate energy and improve resource efficiency. Recommendations include developing a sound regulatory framework, creating incentives for investors, and informing citizens about the benefits of recycling and waste minimisation. Finally, the document calls on Ukraine to integrate international best practices, strengthen the legal and infrastructure framework, and prioritise environmental sustainability to achieve compliance with EU standards and ensure long-term economic and environmental benefits.