FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF WATER TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES: THE ROLE OF HUMAN RESOURCES

Abstract

Financial and economic security of water transport enterprises is critically dependent on effective human resource management, as the industry faces high capital intensity, regulatory shifts, and increasing market volatility. Key factors influencing resilience include workforce qualification, motivation, and adaptability. This study explores a conceptual approach to human resource management aimed at mitigating risks and strengthening enterprise competitiveness. The research identifies macro-, meso-, and micro-level threats impacting financial stability and provides strategic recommendations for overcoming them. Particular attention is given to workforce-related risks such as staff turnover, skill shortages, and insufficient investment in employee development. The proposed human resource management framework integrates risk assessment, adaptive workforce strategies, and digital HR innovations to enhance organizational stability. The findings emphasize the necessity of developing comprehensive workforce policies that improve employee engagement, optimize operational efficiency, and secure long-term financial sustainability. By implementing an integrated human capital strategy, water transport enterprises can proactively adapt to fluctuating market conditions, regulatory demands, and industry-specific challenges while maintaining business continuity and growth. This study contributes to the theoretical and practical understanding of HRM’s role in enhancing financial and economic security by offering data-driven insights for optimizing workforce strategies in a complex and rapidly evolving business environment. Additionally, it highlights the importance of technological advancements in HR processes, cybersecurity risk mitigation, and sustainable employment policies to support the long-term competitiveness of the maritime sector. Through strategic workforce planning, continuous employee training, and digital transformation in human resource management, the research provides actionable solutions for enhancing enterprise resilience and ensuring financial stability. Ultimately, the study demonstrates that a structured and forward-looking HR strategy serves as a fundamental pillar in safeguarding the economic security of water transport enterprises, enabling them to navigate uncertainties and sustain long-term operational success.