APPROACHES OF PROVIDING ECONOMIC SECURITY OF IT-SECTOR: AN INTERNATIONAL OVERVIEW

Abstract

The article analyzes impact of IT sector on general indicators of the economy of different countries, influence of the economic security of the IT sector on the overall stability of the national economy, provides an in-depth examination of the approaches taken by the United States, European Union, and India to ensure the economic security of the IT sector, a vital component of their national economies that bolsters stability and global competitiveness. The IT sector’s rapid growth and its role as a backbone for critical infrastructures make its security an essential part of national security strategies. Multi-level strategies aimed at strengthening cybersecurity, developing national infrastructure, data protection, and supporting technological sovereignty are analyzed. In the United States, the emphasis is on comprehensive cybersecurity policies, extensive research funding, and strong collaboration between government agencies and private technology firms to mitigate risks and respond effectively to cyber threats. The European Union's approach includes stringent data protection regulations, such investment in digital programs to drive innovation and reduce dependency on foreign technology. Meanwhile, India's approach prioritizes digital sovereignty through initiatives like “Digital India” and “Start-up India,” aimed at fostering indigenous technologies and strengthening national data centers.The article highlights the importance of government-private sector coordination in all three regions, as well as international cooperation in addressing global cyber threats. Additionally, there is a focus on fostering an environment conducive to innovation through investment in R&D, support for startups, and comprehensive education and training programs to develop a skilled workforce in IT and cybersecurity fields. Common characteristics of these approaches include robust financial support for research and development in emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and quantum computing, along with regulatory frameworks that safeguard data privacy and enhance the resilience of IT infrastructure to internal and external risks. The study concludes that these strategic approaches enable the IT sector to contribute to national economic stability by mitigating vulnerabilities, sustaining technological advancement, and enhancing long-term economic resilience and global influence.