DEVELOPMENT OF FORMS AND TYPES OF SECURING BANK LOANS AND MEANS OF INCREASE IN CREDIT RATING

Abstract

The article is devoted to topical issues of the development of forms and types of securing bank loans and means of increasing the credit rating. The main forms and types of bank loan collateral are substantiated and systematized, and the need for credit collateral is clarified. The assessment of the main types of credit security, such as pledge, suretyship and guarantees, was carried out, their effectiveness and the risks associated with the use of each of them were analyzed. The effectiveness of the credit operation and the reduction of the risk of non-repayment of the loan by the borrower depend on the correctly chosen form, type and method of securing the client's credit obligations. On the example of JSC Raiffeisen Bank, an analysis of the bank's credit provision and means of increasing its credit rating was carried out based on the dynamics of such indicators as: the bank's total assets, loan portfolio, liabilities, the bank's equity, financial results, liabilities and guarantees received by the bank, and the main types of bank loans and their collateral were also determined. It was found that these aspects are key elements of strategic risk management and financial stability of the bank. Their careful consideration allows the bank to identify opportunities to improve its credit position and ensure stability in the financial sphere. Means of improving the credit rating are also defined, including: improving financial reporting, diversifying sources of financing, improving risk management, increasing the level of trust of customers in the bank, information openness of the bank. Based on a systemic approach, conceptual approaches to improving the system of securing bank loans have been developed, which will contribute to improving the financial stability of banks, reducing credit risks and increasing their competitiveness in the financial services market. The correct choice of the form of security and purposeful work on improving the credit rating are key factors for successful lending and stable financial condition of both banks and their clients. The article emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive approach to credit risk management and the need to adapt banking processes to changing market conditions.