DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS AND THEIR ROLE IN REFORMING THE PENSION SYSTEM OF UKRAINE

Abstract

Demographic processes occurring in society are directly related to the functioning of the national pension system. Since today the main link of the Ukrainian pension system is the joint pension system, its financial potential depends on the amount of insurance pension contributions and, accordingly, on the number of the working population. The demographic situation in Ukraine is characterized by a decrease in this age group of the population, an increase in the share of citizens of retirement age, and an increase in the unemployment rate. The article analyzes the dynamics of the number of the population and citizens of retirement age over the past three decades, and notes the decrease in the number of the working population in relation to the number of Ukrainian pensioners. It was noted that in connection with military operations and migration processes, negative demographic trends in the country will, unfortunately, continue. The assessment of the financial state of the pension system of Ukraine shows that the state does not have enough of its own financial resources to fulfill its obligations to Ukrainian pensioners. In this regard, external financial resources from international financial organizations are attracted to the pension sector. The article draws attention to the analysis of demographic problems that manifested themselves in the pre-war period and to the assessment of new factors that further worsen the demographic situation in Ukraine as a result of military operations. Among them, a large number of dead and wounded both among military personnel and among civilians, including children, large-scale migration of the population of Ukraine abroad, as well as internal migration in the middle of the country are noted. To overcome the demographic crisis, domestic scientific institutions are developing a strategy for demographic development in the country. The article notes its main provisions and shows how their implementation will affect the development of the country's pension sector.