DIGITAL ERA: TRANSFORMATION AND CHALLENGES OF THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM "INDUSTRY 4.0" TO "INDUSTRY 5.0"
Abstract
The article analyses the development of technological and digital transformations in the history of mankind, focusing on the transitional periods from "Industry 4.0" to "Industry 5.0". It is considered how transitions between industrial eras affect the formation of the economy, social structure, and environmental conditions in the world. The focus is on the analysis of the transition from "Industry 4.0", characterized by a high level of automation and the use of cyber-physical systems, to "Industry 5.0", which involves a greater integration of people into the technological process and an emphasis on personalization, sustainable development and social responsibility. The article also reveals how digitalization and technological progress change economic models, create new opportunities for business and society, as well as what challenges they bring. Key trends and innovations affecting the labour market, education, health, and environmental safety are discussed. The need for a harmonious coexistence of technological progress and sustainable development, taking into account the ethical aspects of the introduction of the latest technologies, is emphasized. The article also discusses strategies for adapting to rapid changes, the need to reform the educational system to train personnel capable of working in new conditions, as well as the issue of environmental responsibility of business and governments. The thesis is put forward about the critical role of international cooperation and political will in solving global challenges related to digital transformation. The materials of the article can be used by state bodies to develop strategies for digital transformation, economic policy and educational initiatives, as well as to create a regulatory and legal framework that will promote innovative development and sustainable use of technologies; by business representatives to plan their innovation and digital transformation strategies, adapt to changes in consumer requirements, improve efficiency and implement the principles of sustainable development; educational institutions for the development and adaptation of training programs aimed at training specialists capable of working in the conditions of the digital economy and industry 5.0.
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