THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUDATIONS OF THE WIND ENERGY INDUSTRY AND ITS DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE

Abstract

The article is devoted to the review of the main stages of the formation of the Ukrainian energy infrastructure, which over time acquired transformations in the form of the development of renewable energy sources, in particular, wind energy. The scientific achievements of a number of scientists have been analyzed and systematized. The normative legal acts and legislative documents regulating the sphere of alternative energy are investigated. The main achievements and positive dynamics that were observed in the pre-war period, in particular the last three years before the full-scale invasion, are outlined. The main losses and approximate expert estimates of the volume of destruction of the wind industry as a result of active hostilities since the beginning of 2022 are indicated. The main purpose of the article is the theoretical and methodological analysis of the domestic energy sector, aimed at analyzing the development of wind energy sector in Ukraine. The relevance of the research lies primarily in the trends of transition to "clean" energy sources observed around the world in recent years. This is the main element of not only ecological, but also economic, financial, political development of any country. All advanced countries today, especially European countries, support all the "green" trends, which bring their economies to the top of the world rankings. Besides, as a result of active missile attacks on energy infrastructure by Russia in 2022-2023, there is a critical need to restore the domestic energy sector. Since high percentage of sources of energy production in Ukraine have been and remain on the basis of fossil fuels, it is appropriate to build alternative power plants in place of traditional ones, in particular wind ones. In the process of work, such methods of research as a system-analytical approach of studying the theoretical and methodological foundations of the functioning of energy infrastructure were used. In addition, in the process of performing the work, general scientific and methods of logical abstraction were used, namely: logical and formal-logical methods, the method of scientific generalization, deduction and induction. Additionally, the methods of expert diagnostics: comparison, evaluation, as well as the method of economic and statistical analysis: tabular. The obtained results of the study include coverage of the main stages of development of the energy industry of Ukraine, the latest pre-war changes in this area and achievements in the formation of the wind industry, which allows us to make proposals for its further development in the war and post-war periods. The practical value of the article is to solve a serious energy crisis in the state, which arose at the end of 2022. Switching to alternative energy sources, namely wind energy, will help reduce CO2 emissions into the air, stop environmental changes and balance the energy situation within the country.