ANALYSIS OF THE EXTERNAL DEBT IMPACT ON THE FINANCIAL STABILITY AND NATIONAL ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE

Keywords: gross external debt, gross domestic product, financial sustainability, national economic security, risks, geopolitical challenges, debt policy

Abstract

The study of Ukraine's external debt is not only the goal of our research, but also a necessary governmental task in the conditions of today's economic problems and geopolitical challenges. The methods of structural analysis, synthesis, analogy and comparison were used in writing. The article examines the essence of the gross external debt, its structural elements and the impact on the economy of our country. An analysis of Ukraine's external debt obligations over the last ten years has been carried out. A close relationship between the indicators of gross external debt and gross domestic product has been established as two important components that determine the state of the economic system of Ukraine and its development in the future. It has been established that the gross external debt has almost not changed over the last analyzed decade, however significant fluctuations during some periods can still be traced. Gross domestic product, as the main indicator of macroeconomic stability of the state, underwent positive changes in 2017 and 2021, when its growth reached 20% and 28%, respectively, compared to previous periods. The ratio of gross external debt to gross domestic product is an important economic indicator that allows identifying the presence of a threat to the economic security of Ukraine. Its maximum level is determined by the Budget Code of Ukraine and is 60%. The results of the conducted analysis indicate a critical level of economic security, because the percentage ratio of these indicators during 2014-2022 exceeded the legally established value of 60%. The structural components, which can be used to carry out a complex debt analysis, are singled out. Thus, the analysis of external debt should be carried out by sectors of the economy, repayment terms and financial instruments. Based on the statistical data of the National Bank of Ukraine, a structural analysis of Ukraine's gross external debt was carried out for the period from the 4th quarter of 2022 to the 2nd quarter of 2023. The practical value of the obtained results makes it possible to assess the scale of catastrophic dependence on international creditors. Ukraine needs to reform the current debt policy with a reorientation to modern geopolitical challenges. The financial stability and economic security of Ukraine in the face of modern challenges can be effective only under the condition of rational management of debt obligations and the implementation of appropriate measures by the state.

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Published
2023-10-31
How to Cite
Pikulina, O., Ohdanskyi, K., & Pikulina, N. (2023). ANALYSIS OF THE EXTERNAL DEBT IMPACT ON THE FINANCIAL STABILITY AND NATIONAL ECONOMIC SECURITY OF UKRAINE. Economy and Society, (56). https://doi.org/10.32782/2524-0072/2023-56-2
Section
FINANCE, BANKING AND INSURANCE