SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP, SOCIAL ENTERPRISE, SOCIAL ENTREPRENEUR: FUNDAMENTALS OF MACROECONOMIC UNDERSTANDING

Abstract

The article examines the basics of macroeconomic understanding of the terms: social entrepreneurship; social enterprise; social entrepreneur. It is noted that the study of numerous domestic and foreign publications has shown that to date there is no single definition of the concept of "social entrepreneurship", the theory of social entrepreneurship research is still "young", the typology of types of social entrepreneurship is just being formed and it is contradictory. The analysis of the concepts of social entrepreneurship proposed in various scientific works allowed us to formulate a definition that contains many arguments and arguments: social entrepreneurship is an entrepreneurial activity (or process) that forms the possibility of hybrid partnership, aimed at establishing social responsibility and solving problems in the social protection system, which ensures social changes and the generation of social values with the creation of new organizations or innovative ways in managing existing organizations. It is noted that the shift of emphasis from social entrepreneurship to social enterprise expands the boundaries of research far beyond entrepreneurship itself, but in this case it is important to understand where certain social and entrepreneurial initiatives are located in the coordinate system "creating social and economic values". It is proved that different types of organizations are characterized by different motives and goals, methods of achieving these goals and approaches to using the profit received. It is determined that enterprises focused on the implementation of the social mission take the form of embedded social enterprises, and social enterprises that are not related to the mission, as a rule, take the form of external social enterprises. Such types of social entrepreneurs as: social craftsman, social constructivist, social engineer are identified. It is noted that when determining the types of social entrepreneurship, the objects of entrepreneurial activity, the legality of its implementation, final results, growth rates, innovation introduction, etc. are crucial. It is stated that the presented typologies are conditional in nature and can allow for "indistinctness" of borders, but they certainly allow for a more complete disclosure of the multidimensional nature of the essence of social entrepreneurship, social enterprises and entrepreneurs, and the corresponding classifications can be used for a clearer positioning of social entrepreneurs both in the Ukrainian and international markets. Taking into account the fact that in social entrepreneurship enterprises operate in various spheres of economic and social life and implement strategies aimed at increasing the public good and wealth, it is noted that in the future science can define additional definitions and types of social entrepreneurship, enterprises and entrepreneurs, which can become a promising area of research.