AUTHORISED ECONOMIC OPERATOR: ADVANTAGES AND CHALLENGES OF IMPLEMENTATION IN THE WORLD
Abstract
The article is devoted to identifying the essence of the authorized economic operator program in the context of determining the advantages and challenges of its implementation around the world. It shows that a secure supply chain is an important source of benefits and profits for operators who conduct their business in accordance with international standards. It is determined that the basis for the AEO program is the SAFE Framework of Standards to Ensure Security and Facilitate Global Trade (SAFE), which is the response of the global customs community to the threats to supply chain security after the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack and is a new approach to the methods of work and partnership between customs and business to achieve a common goal based on trust. It is substantiated that the content of the AEO program is based, in essence, on the theory of risk management and compliance management, which generates simplified processes through the use of alternative ways to ensure that economic operators comply with legislation, policies, rules and regulations. Six key issues are identified as to why AEO programs in some countries do not provide sufficient benefits to economic operators: the requirement to focus on safety from the very beginning of the AEO program; the AEO program development's focus only on exports; the AEO program's loss of some of its initial innovation and creativity in the process of international harmonization and standardization; the lack of maturity of some AEO programs, which leads to less tangible benefits for business and has become a problem in negotiating MRAs — given that partnerships and cooperation between governments and the private sector do not develop as fast as was expected almost 20 years ago, the AEO program without an MRA is valid only up to national borders. It is concluded that eliminating country-specific AEO requirements is key to improving the program's effectiveness, as these requirements drive "one-off" procedures that add complexity and cost to implementation, and potentially jeopardize mutual recognition by other countries.
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