GENESIS AND CURRENT DEVELOPMENT OF THE LINKS OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the formation, development and current state of the stages of the industrial revolution. The reasons and mandatory conditions for the transition to each subsequent stage of the industrial revolution are analyzed and systematized. The views of economists on the role and prerequisites of the emergence of the industrial method of production, as well as its further prospects, were studied in historical retrospect. The key points of transition between different stages of the development of industrial capital and the industrial method of production are compared. The problems of distinguishing the third and fourth stages of the industrial revolution both in scientific literature and in part of the scientific and technical basis are outlined. The current state of the development of industrial capital, the trends of the present and the near future are analyzed, the problem of the analysis of existing technological changes in the context of the analysis of fundamental changes in industrial relations is raised. The development of various sources of electricity is described, starting from non-renewable sources such as coal, oil and gas, and ending with hydropower, nuclear power, as well as what is currently included in the sources of "green" energy – solar and wind energy, as well as biofuels. A critical view is given on the issue of distinguishing the fourth industrial revolution and the actual completion of the third in terms of their characteristic features provided by scientific literature. It is noted that in delineating such an important question of economic history as the genesis of industrial revolutions, researchers partially accidentally or deliberately do not raise the key argument regarding the selection of individual stages of the revolution – the change in the nature of industrial production and industrial relations, which somewhat complicates the correct classification of the stages of the industrial revolution. The conclusion concludes that the further development of "green" energy, AI and digitalization is only at the beginning of radical changes in the dominant mode of production.